Ototoxicity has been reported after administration of aminoglycosides and glycopeptides.
Twenty-nine aminoglycoside-ototoxicity studies met the selection criteria (including 7 randomized controlled trials). Overall study quality was medium/low. The frequency of hearing loss within these studies ranged from 0%-57%, whereas the frequency of tinnitus and vertigo ranged between 0%-53% and 0%-79%, respectively. Two studies met the criteria on glycopeptide-induced ototoxicity and reported hearing loss frequencies of 54% and 55%. Hearing loss frequencies were higher in gentamicin-treated children compared to those treated with other aminoglycosides. In available studies aminoglycosides had most often been administered concomitantly with platinum agents, diuretics and other co-medication.
Systematic electronic literature searches that combined ototoxicity (hearing loss, tinnitus and/or vertigo) with intravenous aminoglycoside and/or glycopeptide administration in children were performed in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases. Studies with sample sizes of ≥50 children were included. The QUIPS tool and Cochrane criteria were used to assess the quality and risk of bias of included studies.
To identify available evidence for the occurrence and determinants of aminoglycoside- and glycopeptide-related ototoxicity in children.
In children the reported occurrence of aminoglycoside/glycopeptide ototoxicity highly varies and seems to depend on the diagnosis, aminoglycoside subtype and use of co-administered medication. More research is needed to investigate the prevalence and determinants of aminoglycoside/glycopeptide ototoxicity. Our results indicate that age-dependent audiological examination may be considered for children frequently treated with aminoglycosides/glycopeptides especially if combined with other ototoxic medication.
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